An abutment is a component placed on a dental implant, serving as the connection between the implant and the prosthetic tooth. Generally made from titanium or ceramic materials, the abutment is screwed onto the upper part of the implant, securing it in place. Once the abutment is attached to the implant, it ensures the prosthetic tooth appears aesthetically pleasing.
In addition to enhancing aesthetics, abutments serve multiple functions. By being screwed onto the implant, the abutment acts as a bridge between the implant and the prosthetic tooth. The prosthetic tooth placed on the abutment fits seamlessly thanks to this connection. Furthermore, the abutment helps the gums heal healthily and allows a natural dental line to form on its own.
The abutment also ensures the gums take on the proper shape, contributing to an overall aesthetic appearance. This application enables the biting force applied to the prosthetic tooth to be transferred to the implant. As a result, eating and chewing become more effective and healthier. The abutment helps the prosthetic tooth align harmoniously with the implant, providing an aesthetic appearance similar to that of natural teeth. The tooth color is shaped on the abutment, allowing the natural beauty of the smile to be achieved.
To maintain oral health, various procedures may be required in the mouth. One such procedure is abutment treatments. Abutments are components placed on implants that are fixed into the jawbone. After the healing process is complete, they connect the screws and serve as a base for the teeth.
Bridges or prosthetics attached to abutments can either remain fixed in the mouth or be removable.
Abutments are components placed on implants that act as a replacement for the root of a natural tooth. These components help shape the gums properly, thereby achieving an aesthetic appearance.
Additionally, they allow the gums to form naturally. Another benefit of abutments is that they facilitate healthier eating and chewing functions while ensuring that the tooth aligns harmoniously with the implant.
Abutments are applied in two different ways. Prefabricated abutments are sent to a laboratory where they are adjusted to fit the patient's oral cavity. Custom abutments, on the other hand, are designed based on measurements taken from the teeth and gums near the bone-level implants.
Abutments can be customized for individual patients or manufactured prefabricated. The types of abutments include:
Custom abutments are individually designed for each patient and crafted with precision to suit the patient's tissues. These abutments are also available in zirconium-enhanced versions, providing better and healthier compatibility with the teeth.
In regions where aesthetics are critical, using custom abutments is highly recommended. They are especially effective in concealing gum recession, which can cause significant aesthetic concerns. Dentists should carefully examine the patient's oral and dental health before deciding on custom abutments. While there are several options for custom abutments, they offer better and healthier tissue management.
Standard implant abutments are produced in various sizes and shapes and are typically supplied to dentists by manufacturers along with the implants. These abutments can be made from different materials such as zirconium, gold, and stainless steel.
Titanium abutments are widely preferred due to the exceptional properties of titanium. They function effectively and can be used in all types of prosthetic restorations. Many dentists opt for titanium abutments in problematic areas due to the chewing forces in these regions.
Known as modern abutments, zirconium abutments are favored for their superior performance in dental implant restorations. They are particularly preferred in cases where implant restorations require enhanced aesthetics.
Multi abutments combine the features of both standard and custom abutments. They are especially used in cases where the implants are placed at an angle. Multi abutments are a more economical option compared to other types while still delivering highly aesthetic results.
Abutments, also referred to as supports, are small connecting components placed in place of the natural tooth root and designed to mimic the prepared crown of a natural tooth. The selection of abutments should consider factors such as the tooth it will replace, its position within the bone, the implant's location relative to natural teeth, gingival tissue height, and, most importantly, pocket depth measurements.
Abutments significantly affect the quality of tissues surrounding the implant. Titanium and ceramic abutments facilitate mucosal attachment. The importance of all-ceramic restorations has been increasing in recent times due to their excellent aesthetic performance. These abutments also provide long-term usability for patients.
All-ceramic restorations allow light to pass through the abutment, reducing gingival shadows and creating a vibrant, aesthetically pleasing appearance. However, when used with metal-based supports, they may cause reflections, leading to an unaesthetic and unattractive appearance.
It has been stated that these supports are less successful than standard abutments in long-term use. Today, zirconia ceramics are predominantly used in abutment manufacturing. These abutments are highly durable and resistant to fractures, making them suitable for use in posterior regions where strength is required.
Research has shown that zirconia ceramic abutments have a lower bacterial growth rate compared to titanium ceramic abutments. Zirconia abutments have a matte white color, which may cause challenges in cases where low brightness is desired. Abutments can be standard or custom-made. Standard abutments are generally sufficient for restoration procedures but may not provide the desired aesthetic outcomes in maxillary anterior regions. Therefore, in situations requiring tissue support, it is much more appropriate to use custom abutments.
Abutment prices are generally included in the overall cost of the implant. However, it is essential to consult your dentist after the examination phase. If you have received implant treatment at one clinic but plan to have the prosthesis done elsewhere, and the clinic where you received the implant does not provide the necessary abutment materials, the prosthesis provider may add the cost of the abutment to the prosthesis price. This would mean an additional expense.
The prices may also vary depending on the type of abutment chosen. Zirconia abutments, known for their durability, often fall under special preferences, resulting in a price difference. Therefore, it is crucial to consider potential additional costs when planning your treatment.
